Are You being followed on Foot or by Car? What to do

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One of the things I impress upon people is what never to do, and what TO do, if they suspect they’re being followed on foot or by car.

1SDDon’t be oblivious to your surroundings. Observe everything 50-100 feet around the perimeter of your body as you move from point A to point B.

Note anything that seems out of place, like a car that’s taking all the same turns you are. A pedestrian following you may veer off at a side street, then re-emerge to catch up with you.

Slow down. If you’re walking, stop and fiddle with a shoelace (while being aware). Who also slows down or suddenly stops? Speeding up might cause an amateur to also speed up, but a pro will not make this conspicuous change unless you’re about to make a blind turn.

Call the police. Let the police handle the situation. If you get off a main road, head to the nearest police station. If no-one is around, go to a people-filled public spot. Have a seat, have a soda, and observe your follower for any details.

Stay cool. Don’t speed or drive carelessly. If you’re being followed by a chain of pros, they’ll be all along your route, so speeding won’t help. If you suspect the follower is a road rager, stay on main roads, drive to a police station.

Confuse the follower. E.g., exit, then get back on the road you got off. If someone behind you duplicates this behavior, you know something’s not right. Or, make multiple turns in the same direction and see if your follower does the same.

Alter routes. Take different ways to drive home from work.

If you suspect you’re being followed, follow the above guidelines and make getting to a safe spot a priority.

Robert Siciliano personal and home security specialist to BestHomeSecurityCompanys.com discussing burglar proofing your home on Fox Boston. Disclosures.

“Flash Attacks” Make Big Money for Debit and Credit Card Scammers

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The latest ATM scam is so brilliantly simple, it’s hard to believe that it actually works. Apparently, banks’ fraud detection systems are unable to flag nearly simultaneous transactions from the same account. This leaves bank customers vulnerable to what’s been termed a “flash attack,” in which multiple scanners use a stolen debit card number to withdraw cash from the same account.

Once a victim’s debit card number has been successfully skimmed, the card can be cloned, say, 100 times, and the cloned cards can be distributed to 100 people. All 100 people can then use the cloned cards to withdraw cash from 100 different ATMs within a brief window of five or ten minutes. If 100 people withdraw $200 each from the same account, at the same time, the scam nets $20,000 in almost no time.

Your credit or debit card number can be skimmed in a number of different ways:

Wedge Skimming: The most common type of skimming occurs when a salesperson or waiter takes your credit or debit card and runs it through a card reader, which copies the information contained in the card’s magnetic stripe. Once the thief has obtained the credit or debit card data, he can then burn the card number to a blank card, or simply use the number to make purchases online or over the phone.

POS Swaps: Many people pay for goods or services by swiping a credit or debit card through the in-store point of sale machines. EFTPOS (electronic funds transfers at the point of sale) skimming occurs when the point of sale terminal has been replaced with a skimming device. In Australia, fast food chains, convenience stores, and specialty clothing stores have been common targets. McDonald’s, for example, has been hit with this scam.

ATM Skimmers: A card reader device can also be placed on the face of an ATM, disguised as part of the machine. It’s almost impossible for the average user to recognize a skimmer unless it is of poor quality, or the user has an eye for security. Often, the thieves will hide a small pinhole camera in a brochure holder, light bar, mirror or car stereo looking speaker on the face of the ATM in order to extract the victim’s pin number. The device may use wireless Bluetooth or cellular technology built to obtain the data remotely. Gas pumps are equally vulnerable to this type of scam.

Data Interceptors: Rather than simply placing a skimmer on the face of a gas pump, some criminals place a data-stealing device inside the pump. Posing as a fuel pump technician, a criminal can use a universal key purchased on eBay to access the terminal. Once inside, they unplug a cable that connects the keypad to the display, and piggyback their own device within the mechanism, in order to capture all the unencrypted card data.

Dummy ATMs: ATMs can easily be purchased through eBay or other outlets, and installed in any heavily trafficked location. The machine, which might be powered by car batteries or plugged into the nearest outlet, is programmed to read and record card data. I found one advertised on Craigslist and picked it up at a nearby bar, for $750 from a guy named Bob.

Once credit card numbers have been skimmed, hackers can copy the data on to blank cards, hotel keys, or “white cards,” which are effective at self-checkouts, or in situations where the thief knows the salesperson and is able to “sweetheart” the transaction. A white card can also be pressed with foils, giving it the appearance of a legitimate credit card.

Federal laws limit cardholder liability to $50 in the case of credit card fraud, as long as the cardholder disputes the charge within 60 days. In order for the $50 limit to apply to debit cards, fraud victims must notify the bank within two days of discovering the fraudulent transactions. After two days, the maximum liability jumps to $500.

When using an ATM, gas pump, or point of sale terminal, always cover your PIN.

As inconvenient as this may seem, regular debit card users should check online statements daily.

Consider limiting your debit card use. I use mine only two or three times a month, for deposits and withdrawals.

Robert Siciliano, personal security expert contributor to Just Ask Gemalto, discusses credit and debit card fraud on CNBC. (Disclosures)